Solar Orbiter (SolO)

solar flare X-ray light-curves

Non-thermal energy release in the post-impulsive phase of the May 9, 2021 event by M. Zhang et al.

March 17, 2026

The acceleration of charged particles is an ubiquitous phenomenon in solar flares. Non-thermal electrons are especially probed by their hard X-ray (HXR) and radio emissions. Most flare analyses concern the impulsive flare phase, where the X-ray signatures are the most intense (i.e., the time range between the start and peak time of the soft X-ray burst).The post-impulsive phase of eruptive flares with its signatures of destabilization and the eruption of […]

Multispacecraft Analysis and Modeling of Type III Radio Burst Exciter Deceleration in Inhomogeneous Heliospheric Plasma F. Azzolini et al.

November 11, 2025

Electron beams accelerated in solar flares and escaping from the Sun along open magnetic field lines can trigger intense radio emissions known as type III solar radio bursts. However, the propagation dynamics of these electrons is still poorly understood and observationally constrained (Dulk et al 1987, Krupar et al 2015). Historically, single-spacecraft measurements have suggested deceleration but suffered from large uncertainties due to unknown source position. By leveraging four spacecraft […]

Connecting energetic electrons at the Sun and in the heliosphere through X-ray and radio diagnostics by D. Paipa-Leon et al.

June 10, 2025

Solar flares accelerate energetic electrons. While some of them escape into interplanetary space and produce interplanetary Type III solar radio bursts, the electrons interacting with the solar atmosphere produce Hard X-ray emission (HXR). Many studies relating the observations of type III radio bursts and HXR emissions have been performed since the first observations of their temporal association (e.g., Kane 1972, 1981). More recently, statistical studies were done by https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/02/aa52278-24/aa52278-24.html and James & Vilmer (2023)  […]

Multi-spacecraft Radio Observations Trace the Heliospheric Magnetic Field by D. L. Clarkson et al.

April 25, 2025

Solar flares accelerate energetic electrons that escape into interplanetary space, guided by the Parker spiral magnetic field, and are responsible for the generation of the interplanetary Type III solar radio bursts. With multiple spacecraft now in orbit around the Sun (see e.g. Musset et al 2021), we are in a unique position of observing the propagation of radio emission through the heliosphere from multiple vantage points. Recent study by Clarkson […]

Temporally resolved Type III solar radio bursts in the frequency range 3-13 MHz by A. Vecchio et al.

December 17, 2024

Type III radio bursts are the most common coherent radio emission produced by the Sun. They are characterized by a rapid drift in time towards lower frequencies and represent an indirect signature of energetic electrons produced at the Sun during a flare and propagating through the plasma of the corona and the interplanetary medium. Type III bursts are observed over a wide range of frequencies ranging from about ∼500 MHz […]